What Are Snakehead Fish
Snakehead fish are freshwater perciform fish in the family Channidae. They are native to parts of Africa and Asia and are identified by their elongated body, large mouth, and long dorsal fin. Several species, including northern snakehead and bullseye snakehead, have been found in US waters.
Where Snakehead Fish Have Been Found in the US
Snakehead fish have been documented in multiple states, including Maryland, Virginia, Florida, and California. They often appear in ponds, lakes, canals, and slow-moving rivers. Their ability to breathe air and survive in low-oxygen water helps them colonize new habitats.
Regulations and Ecological Concerns
Because snakehead fish can outcompete native species and disrupt local ecosystems, many states have strict rules against possessing or transporting them live. The US Fish and Wildlife Service lists certain species as injurious wildlife under the Lacey Act. Anglers are often required to report and properly dispose of any caught snakehead.
For current state-specific rules and reporting guidance, visit the US Fish and Wildlife Service invasive species page at https://www.fws.gov/invasive-species/.
